C&E
Topic: the harmful effect of smoking
Thesis statement: smoking is bad for our health
Cause: the action of smoking
Effect:Topic sentence 1: the nicotinic smog of cigarettes contains numerous kinds of toxins that can cause cancers and reduce the smoker’s life-span and contributes to a number of cancers.
Supporting details
There are at least 20 kinds of toxins in cigarette.
The most powerful toxin is nicotine. We can easily kill a dog by injecting one drop of nicotine to its vein. Also nicotine will hold back the smoker’s absorbing the vitamin C.
Nicotine smog, which constructed by nicotine and carbon monoxide, can temporarily increases the smoker’s heart rate and blood pressure, straining the smokers heart and brain’s blood vessels.
The smog can also pollute the smoker’s lungs and cause the lung cancer.
Topic sentence 2: smoking not only causes physically diseases, but also mentally diseases such as neurasthenic.
Long term smoking can cause neurasthenic diseases and psychotic disorder because the nicotine can damage the smoker’s brain and neural system.. The symptoms of the long-term smoker are that it is hard for them to control temper and they are easy to irate.
Topic sentence 3: Second hand smoke is also harmful.
Passive smoking is the inhalation of smoke, called secondhand smoke (SHS) or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), from tobacco products used by others.(wikipedia) A wide array of negative effects are attributed, in whole or in part, to frequent, short term and long term exposure to second hand smoke.
Here are some details about these negative effects:
1.Generally increase the rate of cancer which includes lung cancer and breast cancer.
2. increase the rate of diseases such as renal cell carcinoma and brain tumor.
3. Really bad effect for children growth if they are exposed in passive smoking.
Conclusion: Smoking is harmful to our society. Smokers should try their best to abstain smoking.
C&C
Topic: the difference and similarity of choosing cats or dogs as pets.
Difference:
1 Cats are wild and half domestic. On the other hand, dogs are totally domestic.
Supporting details:
cats often go to the outdoor for mostly a whole day, but dogs in the other hand, just need to be walked for half an hour every afternoon.
2 Cats are dishonest. However, dogs are honest and loyal to their masters.
Supporting details:
Cats are wild in their mind and cannot be fully trained. They will happy to be pets when masters give them good living conditions, otherwise, they are easy to leave the houses and never come back. But dogs are not that kind. Dogs are loyal to their masters even though their masters are really poor.
3. According to Taoism, men should not keep cats as pets and women should not keep dogs as pets because dogs belongs to yang and cats, in the other hand, belongs to yin while men belongs to yang and women belongs to yin. When men and cats, or women and dogs are together, the harmony between yin and yang will no longer exist and that may cause some problems. Although it is just a theory without scientific evidence, there is still some evidence based on facts.
Supporting Details:
Actress such as Paris Hilton, Emma Watson keep cats as their pets. In the other hand, athletes such as Alen Iverson, who’s favourite pet is bulldog, and Kobe Bryant choose dogs as their pets.
Similarities:
1 People can have fun with both cats and dogs.
2 Both cats and dogs need us taking care of.
3 Both cats and dogs can be important members of the family.
Hey joy, I just make a slightly rewise about my C&C (write more details about my 3 point) because I did not got any comments on my 1st draft C&C outline because of my late submission. So sorry.
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Hi Rui, I want you to work on the C&E paper. How about focusing on side effects of smoking in terms of physical and mental aspects? I think it would be better to ignore the 3rd point about second hand smoking. Instead, just focus on physical and mental problems that smoking causes. Of course, you need to have at least two topic sentences for each problem. Basically, I think you'd better have four bodies: two for the physical problems, and two for the mental problems. Does it make sense? I'm looking forward to reading your paper soon. Good luck!
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